Tae Kwon Do
http://www.worldtaekwondo.com/history.htm

"The earliest records of Taekwondo practice date back to about 50 B.C. During this time, Korea was divided into three kingdoms: Silla, which was founded on the Kyongju plain in 57 B.C.; Koguryo, founded in the Yalu River Valley in 37 B.C.; and Paekche, founded in the southwestern area of the Korean peninsula in 18 B.C.."(2) Tae Kyon ( also called Subak) is considered the earliest known form of Taekwondo.
テコンドーの最初の記録は三国時代。テッキョン（手搏）がテコンドーの元になったと考えられている。

Paintings from this time period have been found on the ceiling of the Muyong-chong, a royal tomb from the Koguryo dynasty. The paintings show unarmed people using techniques that are very similar to the ones used by Taekwondo today.
高句麗の舞踏塚の壁画が発見され、その絵の中にある素手で戦う人の姿がテコンドーにそっくりなのだ。

Although Taekwondo first appeared in the Koguryo kingdom, it is the Silla's Hwarang warriors that are credited with the growth and spread of Taekwondo throughout Korea. Silla was the smallest of the three kingdoms and was always under attack by Japanese Pirates. Silla got help from King Gwanggaeto and his soldiers from the Koguryo kingdom to drive out the pirates. During this time a few select Sillan warriors were given training in Taek Kyon by the early masters from Koguryo.
テコンドーの最初の登場は高句麗だが、朝鮮全体に広めたのは新羅のファランだ。
新羅は三国の中で最も小さく、常に日本人の海賊に襲われていた。
新羅は高句麗の広開土王に助けを求め、その間新羅の人間が高句麗のテッキョンマスターに訓練されていたのだ。

The Taek Kyon trained warriors then became known as the Hwarang. The Hwarang set up a military academy for the sons of royalty in Silla called Hwarang-do, which means "The way of flowering manhood." The Hwarang studied Taek Kyon, history, Confucian Philosophy, ethics, Buddhist Morality, and military tactics. The guiding principles of the Hwarang warriors were loyalty, filial duty, trustworthiness, valor, and justice.
テッキョンを習得した勇者が後にファランと呼ばれる者たちだ。ファランは子弟のためにミリタリーアカデミーを設立、それがファランドー、「花のような男どもの道」という意味だ。
ファランは歴史、儒教、仏教、そして戦術を学んだ。ファランの主義を導くものは忠義、親孝行、信頼、勇気、そして正義。

The makeup of the Hwarang-do education was based on the Five Codes of Human Conduct written by a Buddhist scholar, fundamental education, Taek Kyon and social skills. Taek Kyon was spread throughout Korea because the Hwarang traveled all around the peninsula to learn about the other regions and people.
ファランドー教育は仏教学者がつくった五戒に基いた基礎教育、テッキョンと社交術だった。
ファランは朝鮮半島じゅうの人々や宗教を学ぶため旅をしたのでテッキョンは半島じゅうに広まったのだ。

During the Silla dynasty (A.D. 668 to A.D. 935) Taek Kyon was mostly used as a sport and recreational activity. Taek Kyon's name was changed to Subak and the focus of the art was changed during the Koryo dynasty (A.D. 935 to A.D. 1392). When King Uijong was on the throne from 1147 through 1170, he changed Subak from a system that promotes fitness to primarily a fighting art.
新羅時代テッキョンはむしろスポーツとして楽しまれていた。高麗時代テッキョンは手搏という名前に変わり内容も変化していった。
毅宗王の時代、王は手搏をフィットネスから格闘に変えたのだ。

The first widely distributed book on Taekwondo was during the Yi dynasty (1397 to 1907). This was the first time that Subak was intended to be taught to the general public, in previous years the knowledge was limited to the military. During the second half of the Yi dynasty, political conflicts and the choice to use debate instead of military action almost lead to the extinction of Subak. The emphasis of the art was changed back to that of recreational and physical fitness. The lack of interest caused Subak as an art, to become fragmented and scarcely practiced throughout the country.
最初にテコンドーの本が広まったのは李朝時代。軍人のものだった手搏が初めて一般の人々に教えられたのだ。李朝時代後半は武力よりも口論で政争が行われ、手搏は消滅していった。
手搏はふたたび楽しいフィットネスに戻っていった。手搏への無関心によってその技術が失われていったのだ。

In 1909 the Japanese invaded Korea and occupied the country for 36 years. To control Korea's patriotism, the Japanese banned the practice of all military arts, Korean language and even burned all books written in Korea. This ban was responsible for renewed interest in Subak. Many Koreans organized themselves into underground groups and practiced the martial arts in remote Buddhist temples.
１９０９年日本が朝鮮に侵攻し３６年間占領した。朝鮮の愛国心を抑えるため日本は武術を禁止し、言葉を取り上げ、朝鮮語で書かれた本を焼いた。
そのせいで手搏の復興が阻害されたのだ。　多くのコリアンは仏教寺院に隠れて武術の修行をするようになった。

Other people left Korea to study the martial arts in other countries like China and Japan. In 1943 Judo, Karate and Kung-fu were officially introduced to the Korean residents and the martial arts regained popularity. In 1945 Korea was liberated. In the last few years before liberation, there were many different variations of Subak/Taek Kyon in Korea. This was due to all of the other martial arts influence on it.
その他の人々は中国や日本に渡って武術を学んだ。1943年柔道、空手、カンフーが公式にコリアンにもたらされ武術人気が高まった。
1945年朝鮮解放。その数年前からいろんなバリエーションをもった手搏・テッキョンが作られるようになった。
他の武術の影響によるものだ。

The first Taekwondo school (Kwan) was started in Yong Chun, Seoul, Korea in 1945.
最初のテコンドースクールは1945年ん、ソウルで始まった。

1.Origin-Koguryo painting(BC37-668).
2.Imaginary figures-Shilla(BC356-935) Hwarangdo
3.Imaginary martial arts-Subak? Taekyun?
4.Distortion-Japanese pirates appear in Korea much later that that. The Japanese who invaded Shilla were Japanese settlers in Kaya where Japan occupied.(AKA Mimana)
5.Distortion-Harang means Flower boys not flowering manhood.
6.Fabrication-Hwarang Do. Hwarang and Taek Kyun. Hwarang and the 5 codes.
7.Fabrication-Ban of tae Kwon Do,Korean language and even burned all books written in Korea.
8.Fabrication-Koreans organized themselves into underground groups and practiced the martial arts in remote Buddhist temples.










I'm checking records about Subak now.
It doesn't sound like a martial art.

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